The git cherry-pick is a command used to apply a specific commit from one branch onto another branch. It allows you to pick a commit and apply its changes to a different branch, even if they are not directly connected through merging.
Imagine you’re working on a feature that will take a few more days to complete. However, within the same branch, you’ve also fixed some critical bugs. In such a scenario, you can utilize Git cherry-pick to selectively copy the bug fixes from one branch to another (e.g., from a bug-fix branch to your main branch) and proceed with making a release.
Suppose you are working on a long-term feature branch (feature-a) but need to include a specific feature that was developed and committed in a different branch (feature-b). You can cherry-pick the commit containing the desired feature from feature-b onto your feature-a branch:
git checkout feature-a
git cherry-pick <feature-b-commit-hash>
This allows you to selectively merge the specific feature commit into your branch without merging the entire feature-b branch.
Here’s an example of how to use git cherry-pick:
git checkout <target_branch>
git log or other Git history visualization tools. git cherry-pick <commit_hash>
Replace <commit_hash> with the actual commit hash you want to cherry-pick.
Once the cherry-pick command is executed, Git will apply the changes made by the chosen commit onto the current branch.
You can cherry pick multiple commits at once.
git cherry-pick <commit_hash1> <commit_hash2> <commit_hash3>
This command applies the changes from each specified commit onto the current branch one by one.
git cherry-pick <start_commit_hash>^..<end_commit_hash>
This command applies the changes from all the commits within the specified range onto the current branch.
When cherry-picking multiple commits, conflicts may arise if the changes overlap. Git will pause the cherry-pick process and allow you to resolve conflicts before proceeding.
It’s worth noting that cherry-picking multiple commits can change the order or content of the commits compared to their original order in the source branch. Make sure to review and test the cherry-picked commits to ensure the desired outcome.
If you want to pick a change from another commit using git cherry-pick but do not want to immediately create a new commit, you can use the -n or --no-commit option. This option allows you to apply the changes from the specified commit without automatically committing them.
git cherry-pick -n <commit-hash>
If you want to edit the commit message while cherry-picking a commit, you can use the --edit or -e option with the git commit command.
git cherry-pick <commit-hash>
There are different scenarios where you may need to cancel a Git cherry-pick operation. Here’s how you can handle each scenario:
If you encounter merge conflicts while running git cherry-pick <commit_hash>, the cherry-pick operation is not complete yet. To cancel the process and return to the previous state, you can use the following command:
git cherry-pick --abort
This command will abort the cherry-pick operation and restore your repository to its state before the cherry-pick was attempted.
If the cherry-pick operation is already complete, and you want to go back to the previous state, you can treat the cherry-picked commit as any other commit. To undo it, you can use the following command:
git reset --hard HEAD~1
This command resets the HEAD pointer to the previous commit, effectively removing the cherry-picked commit from the branch. Keep in mind that this command is a hard reset, which discards any local changes. Make sure to stash your changes before executing this command if you have any.
If you have cherry-pick multiple commits and want to undo them, you can use the git reset --hard HEAD~n command, where n represents the number of commits you want to go back. This command will reset the branch to the commit n steps before the current HEAD commit.
For example, if you cherry-picked 3 commits and want to undo them all, you can run:
git reset --hard HEAD~3
This command will remove the last 3 commits from the branch’s history, discarding any changes made in those commits. The branch pointer and the working directory will be reset to the state of the commit n steps before the current HEAD.
It’s important to note that a hard reset with git reset --hard is a destructive operation, as it permanently discards commits and changes. Make sure you have a backup or have a copy of any important changes before performing a hard reset.